What are EXOSOMES?

Exosomes are a new step in the development of methods for the delivery of active ingredients in cosmeceutical preparations. 

Exosomes outperform liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles due to their long half-life, which ensures their stability and biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity and potentially controlled adhering delivery.

Exosomes are microscopic extracellular vesicles (vesicles), secreted into the intercellular space by cells of various tissues. Inside the vesicles is a “cocktail” of proteins, DNA, different types of RNA, proteins, growth factors and lipids. The components of this cocktail can be involved in intercellular communication, immune response and many other processes.

Because of their ability to divide indefinitely (like other stem cells), exosomes have become an attractive option for use in regenerative medicine. Today, these cells are an important component of cell therapy aimed at accelerating and optimizing the treatment of skin damage. Interestingly, the biological effect of MSCs does not depend on the place where you took them from, but on the microenvironment in which they were placed. For example, when MSCs enter the site of a fresh injury, they work to accelerate re-epithelialization, and in a place where re-epithelialization has already passed, they suppress the process of scar formation.

Interestingly, an “overdose” of exosomes is practically impossible: if the dose is too high, then the “extra” exosomes simply do not show any activity.

In addition to proliferation, exosomes increase the cellular migration of fibroblasts, which is why skin recovery after mechanical damage is faster.

Exosomes are multipotent progenitors for various cells, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myocytes, epithelial cells, and neuronal cells. In addition, exosomes have several unique characteristics, including easy accessibility, high proliferation potential, self-renewal, and secretion of trophic factors and extracellular vesicles.

Exosomal therapy is a new step in regenerative medicine in the treatment of dermatitis, as well as in the field of aesthetic medicine as anti-aging, wound healing and regenerative procedures.

Synthesis of exosomes in the laboratory makes it possible to obtain pure exosomes and does not cause an immune response, and their regenerative potential is very high.

                                                          What are POLYNUCLEOTIDES ?

Polynucleotides are natural fractions of DNA, that is, nucleotide segments of DNA with a molecular weight of 250 to 500 kDa.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is isolated from the gonadal tissue (milk) of sturgeons. The substance is obtained by a multi-stage method and thoroughly purified. INCI name: Sodium DNA – “molecule of life”.

The anti-aging mechanism of action of Sodium DNA is based on the fact that DNA segments act as donors of purine and pyrimidine, which are key molecules for the vital activity of all cells. Through activation of the adenosine A2 receptor on the surface of fibroblasts, indirect signal stimulation of cell function occurs. Increases the production of collagen and other components of the intercellular matrix, including hyaluronic acid.

To confirm the regenerative and photoprotective properties of PRRN (Sodium DNA) in relation to two types of cells – keratinocytes and fibroblasts – In vitro tests were carried out. The form of Sodium DNA used in these tests was a highly purified product with a molecular weight of 250-500 kDa.

What is POLYCAPROLACTON?

Polycaprolactone is a resorbable, biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, absolutely biocompatible in the human tissues and widely using in aesthetic medicine and biomedicine fields.
PCL is an aliphatic polyester belonging to the poly-α-hydroxy acid group, in the same chemical group as polylactic and polyglycolic acids.
It was first synthesized in the early 1930s by ring-opening polymerization of the cyclic monomer of -caprolactone. PCL is made of a chain of a repeated single-unit sequence of caprolactone. The length of the PCL chain or the corresponding molecular weight of the polymer determines the time of its degradation via ester-bond hydrolysis and its persistence. PCL is a hydrophobic, semi-crystalline polymer, with a glass transition temperature of −60°C and low melting point ranging from 59° to 64°C. It has also better viscoelastic properties than other biodegradable polymers, and is thus easy to manufacture and manipulate, allowing a large range of structures (microspheres, fibers, micelles, films, nanofibers, foams, etc.)

Safety: PCL is biocompatible. A lot of In vitro and in vivo tests have been carried out according to state-of-the-art standards to evidence the safety of PCL when placed in contact with human tissues.
Biodegradation and bioresorption: They correspond to product degradation and total elimination from the body, respectively.
Longevity: Longevity of the microspheres ultimately depends on the hydrolytic breakdown of PCL crystalline regions.
Even distribution: The rheological properties with high elasticity contribute to the optimal network formation and placement in the tissue with even distribution of the microspheres, avoiding migration.
Smooth microspheres: The PCL microspheres are regular, spherical with a smooth surface, characteristics that are known to be optimal to minimize inflammatory reaction. Moreover, the shape of the microspheres is maintained during the first phase of degradation, as a result of the PCL properties, as aforementioned; these particular characteristics allow the microspheres to be embedded with the newly formed collagen type-I fibers, creating a regular network that remains in place throughout PCL microspheres degradation. The collagen that is formed and deposited maintains the sustained effect